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Michael Jordan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Michael Jordan - Essay Example Michael Air Jordan is an incredible jumper and pummel dunker. He ruled the game of ball through the mid nineties. In 1992 the Bulls had a triumph over the Portland Trailblazers; this made it their second NBA win. Michael Jordan was having an exceptionally unpleasant time managing the loss of his dad whom was shot in a burglary. He stunned the world when he resigned from the NBA and went to play base ball for the Birmingham Barons. Michael Jordan was accepted into the lobby of notoriety in September of 2009. His enlistment discourse has been called anyplace between urging to unfortunate. We as a whole realize Michael is an extraordinary ball player. However, did you realize he additionally has his own shoe line through Nike. He calls them Air Jordan's. A large portion of us love a decent statement. I need to impart one of Michael's preferred statements to you before the exposition reaches a conclusion. I never thought a good example should be negative. I trust this exploration paper has helped individuals get familiar with some new things about Michael Jordan. The

Good Causal Analysis Essay Topics

Good Causal Analysis Essay TopicsSome good causal analysis essay topics are: analyzing causes, observing causes, and attributing the cause of a problem to its causes. If you are having difficulty writing on these topics, you may find some help from the following examples.Some good causal analysis essay topics might be, 'Why did my dog bite my foot? It wasn't meant to go in that direction!' Or, 'This is not a problem, but it isn't going to help us move forward.'Some good causal analysis essay topics might be, 'The reason why I am angry is because I have been cheated by the mortgage company. If I didn't know any better, I'd say they were trying to fix the economy. The bankers want to make money.Some good causal analysis essay topics might be, 'The reason why our company isn't growing is because we don't take chances with our business strategy. We need to start spending more time getting the latest information on our products. It seems to me like there are only two choices for making mo ney. Either you are in a highly risky position or you are in a high-growth position.'Other good causal analysis essay topics might be, 'Why is my son bad at math? His father worked very hard to give him the ability to learn and improve his talents.Other good causal analysis essay topics might be, 'I'm not sure why I can't get my daughter to take care of the kids. She is so busy working that she has no time to devote to me.These and other causal analysis essay topics are designed to help you develop your analytical skills. When you are prepared to write a good analysis essay, you are well on your way to succeeding. There is nothing better than an outstanding analysis essay that stands out from the rest.This is why one of the best books available on the topic of causal analysis essay topics is Expository Writing 101 by Gary Whitta. This book, which is available for a price of only $10, can help you develop your own analytical writing style. That will make it easy to excel in your care er as a scholar.

Byzantine-Ottoman Wars Fall of Constantinople

The Fall of Constantinople occurred on May 29, 1453, after a siege which began on April 6. The battle was part of the Byzantine-Ottoman Wars (1265-1453). Background Ascending to the Ottoman throne in 1451, Mehmed II began making preparations to reduce the Byzantine capital of Constantinople. Though the seat of Byzantine power for over a millennium, the empire had badly eroded after the citys capture in 1204 during the Fourth Crusade. Reduced to the area around the city as well as a large part of the Peloponnese in Greece, the Empire was led by Constantine XI. Already possessing a fortress on the Asian side of the Bosporus, Anadolu Hisari, Mehmed began construction of one on the European shore known as Rumeli Hisari. Effectively taking control of the strait, Mehmed was able to cut off Constantinople from the Black Sea and any potential aid that might be received from the Genoese colonies in the region. Increasingly concerned about the Ottoman threat, Constantine appealed to Pope Nicholas V for aid. Despite centuries of animosity between the Orthodox and Roman churches, Nicholas agreed to seek help in the West. This was largely fruitless as many of the Western nations were engaged in their own conflicts and could not spare men or money to aid Constantinople. The Ottomans Approach Though no large-scale help was forthcoming, smaller groups of independent soldiers did come to the citys aid. Among these were 700 professional soldiers under the command of Giovanni Giustiniani. Working to improve Constantinoples defenses, Constantine ensured that the massive Theodosian Walls were repaired and that the walls in the northern Blachernae district were strengthened. To prevent a naval attack against the Golden Horn walls, he directed that a large chain be stretched across the mouth of the harbor to block Ottoman ships from entering. Short on men, Constantine directed that the bulk of his forces defend the Theodosian Walls as he lacked the troops to man all of the citys defenses. Approaching the city with 80,000-120,000 men, Mehmed was supported by a large fleet in the Sea of Marmara. In addition, he possessed a large cannon made by the founder Orban as well as several smaller guns. The lead elements of the Ottoman army arrived outside Constantinople on April 1, 1453, and began making camp the next day. On April 5, Mehmed arrived with the last of his men and began making preparations for laying siege to the city. The Siege of Constantinople While Mehmed tightened the noose around Constantinople, elements of his army swept through the region capturing minor Byzantine outposts. Emplacing his large cannon, he began battering at the Theodosian Walls, but with little effect. As the gun required three hours to reload, the Byzantines were able to repair the damage caused between shots. On the water, Suleiman Baltoghlus fleet was unable to penetrate the chain and boom across the Golden Horn. They were further embarrassed when four Christian ships fought their way into the city on April 20. Desiring to get his fleet into the Golden Horn, Mehmed ordered that several ships be rolled across Galata on greased logs two days later. Moving around the Genoese colony of Pera, the ships were able to be refloated in the Golden Horn behind the chain. Seeking to quickly eliminate this new threat, Constantine directed that the Ottoman fleet be attacked with fire ships on April 28. This moved forward, but the Ottomans were forewarned and defeated the attempt. As a result, Constantine was compelled to shift men to the Golden Horn walls which weakened the landward defenses. As initial assaults against the Theodosian Walls had repeatedly failed, Mehmed ordered his men to begin digging tunnels to mine beneath the Byzantine defenses. These attempts were led by Zaganos Pasha and utilized Serbian sappers. Anticipating this approach, the Byzantine engineer Johannes Grant led a vigorous countermining effort which intercepted the first Ottoman mine on May 18. Subsequent mines were defeated on May 21 and 23. On the latter day, two Turkish officers were captured. Tortured, they revealed the location of the remaining mines which were destroyed on May 25. The Final Assault Despite Grants success, morale in Constantinople began to plummet as word was received that no aid would be coming from Venice. In addition, a series of omens including a thick, unexpected fog which blanketed the city on May 26, convinced many that the city was about to fall. Believing that the fog masked the departure of the Holy Spirit from the Hagia Sophia, the population braced for the worst. Frustrated by the lack of progress, Mehmed called a council of war on May 26. Meeting with his commanders, he decided that a massive assault would be launched on the night of May 28/29 after a period of rest and prayer. Shortly before midnight on May 28, Mehmed sent his auxiliaries forward. Poorly equipped, they were intended to tire and kill as many of the defenders as possible. These were followed by an assault against the weakened Blachernae walls by troops from Anatolia. These men succeeded in breaking through but were quickly counterattacked and driven back. Having achieved some success, Mehmeds elite Janissaries attacked next but were held by Byzantine forces under Giustiniani. The Byzantines in Blachernae held until Giustiniani was badly wounded. As their commander was taken to the rear, the defense began to collapse. To the south, Constantine led forces defending the walls in the Lycus Valley. Also under heavy pressure, his position began to collapse when the Ottomans found that the Kerkoporta gate to the north had been left open. With the enemy surging through the gate and unable to hold the walls, Constantine was forced to fall back. Opening additional gates, the Ottomans poured into the city. Though his exact fate is not known, it is believed that Constantine was killed leading a last desperate attack against the enemy. Fanning out, the Ottomans began moving through the city with Mehmed assigning men to protect key buildings. Having taken the city, Mehmed allowed his men to plunder its riches for three days. The Aftermath of the Fall of Constantinople Ottoman losses during the siege are not known, but it is believed that the defenders lost around 4,000 men. A devastating blow to Christendom, the loss of Constantinople led Pope Nicholas V to call for an immediate crusade to recover the city. Despite his pleas, no Western monarch stepped forward to lead the effort. A turning point in Western history, the Fall of Constantinople is seen as the end of the Middle Ages and the beginning of the Renaissance. Fleeing the city, Greek scholars arrived in the West bringing with them priceless knowledge and rare manuscripts. The loss of Constantinople also severed European trade links with Asia leading many to begin seeking routes east by sea and keying the age of exploration. For Mehmed, the capture of the city earned him the title The Conqueror and provided him with a key base for campaigns in Europe. The Ottoman Empire held the city until its collapse after World War I. Selected Sources Guns of ConstantinopleFall of Constantinople Timeline

Business Law Tame v New South Wales Samples for Students †MyAssignmen

Question: Discuss about the Business Law Tame v New South Wales. Answer: The brief facts of this case are that the plaintiff had met with an accident that was not caused as a result of her fault. Therefore, the plaintiff sought insurance and she became quite anxious. When there was a delay in the agreement for some time. The solicitors of the plaintiff informed her that on the form these had been written by the Police that she had a blood-alcohol reading of 0.14 while the legal limit is 0.05 at the time of the accident. However, the reality was that this was the blood-alcohol reading of the other driver. Later on, the police acknowledged that they had made a mistake and they also issued a formal apology to the plaintiff. However this mistake was rectified by the police after two or three months, but not in time so that it could be passed on to the insurer of the plaintiff. At the same time, there was evidence present to suggest that it was not considered by the insurer that the plaintiff was drunk at the time of the accident. Still a significant amount wa s paid to the plaintiff although it took some time before the payment was made by the insurer. Under these circumstances, the plaintiff developed obsessive and irrational fear that the delay in the payment was somehow related with perceived drunkenness. She also started to hear that everyone around her thought that she was drunk when she met with the accident. It was diagnosed that the obsession of the plaintiff was the result of the psychotic depression that followed the accident. Under these circumstances, the police was by the plaintiff for negligence. Therefore the legal issue in this case was related with the duty of care, psychiatric injury and the pure case of mental harm. In this case, the appeal made by Mrs. Tame was rejected by the High Court as she had developed a psychiatric condition after the police accident report compiled by a NSW police man showed high blood reading to be excessive. In this context, the appellant claimed that she had hardly touched alcohol in the last 20 years. Therefore, she was concerned that if the people will find out regarding the entry, her good name will be tarnished and a reputation will suffer. Although, the report was corrected later on and an apology was also sent to her but she became obsessed with the mistake. The appellant claimed that she started to feel as if he was being punished for her past misconduct. As a result, she started feeling guilty. Due to this, immense stress she suffered from depression and needed counseling. It was accepted by the trial judge that the appellant had developed a psychotic depression illness and therefore gave the verdict in favor of the appellant. But it was held by the NSW Court of Appeal that in cases involving nervous shock, unless the defendant is aware of the fact that the plaintiff is peculiarly susceptible to psychiatric injury, it can be legally assumed by the defendant that the plaintiff is a person of normal fortitude (Annetts v Australian Stations Pty Ltd., 2000). Under these circumstances, McHugh J was of the opinion that there was no duty of care present are part of the defendant. In support of its decision, he quoted Mason J Wiley delivered the decision in Wyong Shire Council v Shirt, 1980). Therefore, it was stated that the risk of injury that is remote in the sense that such injury is extremely unlikely to take place can nevertheless amount to a foreseeable risk. A risk that cannot be treated as fanciful or far-fetched should be considered as real and as a result, foreseeable. Under these circumstances, it was concluded by the court that in the present case, the illness suffered by Mrs. Tame, cannot be described as reasonably foreseeable. Therefore, the conclusion made by the Court of Appeal was upheld that any other person of normal fortitude will not suffer a psychiatric illness after coming to know that in a police report, the blood-alcohol reading has been mentioned incorrectly, although in such cases, the person can become angry or even resentful. However in this case, the court concluded that the psychiatric illness of Mrs. Tame cannot be described as reasonably foreseeable. Therefore the court upheld the conclusion made by the Court of Appeal that any person with normal fortitude is not going to suffer the psychiatric illness after coming to know that incorrect blood-alcohol reading has been mentioned in a police report even if the person is going to become angry. It was stated by the court that there are two types of personal injury, physical or mental. Sometimes, mental harm may be caused as a result of the physical injury (Perre v Apand Pty Ltd., 1999). This means that a person may suffer mental illness due to the physical injury suffered by the body or, it is also possible that the mental harm alone may be suffered by the person, particularly when a job has been suffered by a person due to the fact that such a person has seen a traumatic event. The law provides that the victims of nervous shock, may fall under the catego ry of primary or secondary victims. Therefore, in case of the primary victims, shock is experienced by the victims regarding their own safety, and in the same way, the victims are also the participants in the event. On the other hand, in case of secondary victims, the shock is experienced by them regarding the safety of another person and similarly they also not the participants in the event (Frost v Chief Constable of South Yorkshire Police, 1999). According to the law, earlier it was difficult to claim damages for the mental harm that has been caused as a result of negligence as compared to the physical harm or consequential mental harm that has been caused as a result of the negligence of the defendant. It is also worth mentioning that it was much easier to diagnose physical harm, as compared to your mental harm. Similarly in context of the duty of care of the defendant, it is more difficult to foresee. In order to claim that a duty of care was present on part of the defendant it is required that it should be reasonably foreseeable for the defendant that he or she had a duty towards the claimant (Donoghue v Stevenson, 1932). It is also required that there should be a breach of the duty of care. Under the circumstances, the duty of care will be only if it can be reasonably foreseen that any person of normal fortitude may be going to suffer mental harm as a result of the act. In view of this requirement, the abnormal vulnerabil ity of the plaintiff cannot be taken into consideration while deciding the standard of care that will be applicable in a particular case (Greenland v Chaplin, 1850). The exception that is present to the application of this rule is related with the cases where the defendant is aware of or should have known regarding the presence of such vulnerability of the claimant. In this case, the court also tried to explain the rationale behind the control mechanisms. Therefore the court stated that the rationale behind imposing limitations on the duty to avoid inflicting mental harm on another person can be described as follows. It is harder to discern mental harm, and as a result, it can be faked more easily. Similarly, the ability to claim compensation for mental, is likely to be an unconscious disincentive to recover the compensation. Providing such ability without imposing restrictions will result in indeterminate liability. This will mean that any person can sue the other person. Similarly, if no limitations are imposed on the ability to sue for mental, it may result in imposing an unreasonable or the ocean and burden for the defendant. However, the above-mentioned reasons are not beyond doubt. First of all, most of the above-mentioned concerns can also be applied in case of physical injury also, still. It has not been suggested that these control mech anisms should also be imposed. In the same way, these concerns can be effectively dealt with if a proper distinction is made between mere emotional distress and get proper medical harm, or in other words, the mental illness that is medically recognized. For this purpose, expert evidence can be used effectively and in such a case, it would be eliminated with the help of professional medical opinion instead of pure idiosyncratic judicial perception. The next doubt that can be raised regarding these control mechanisms is that the normal laws related with negligence. Already impose sufficient limitations in the form of reasonable foreseeability and requiring that reasonable care should have been taken by the defendant. Therefore in this case the court stated that there were two reasons due to which it can be said that the police did not have a duty of care towards Mrs. Tame which required them to take reasonable care that the injury of the nature which was suffered by her, should not be cause to her. The first reason was related with the nature of the activity in which the police was involved when they perform the act of completing the accident report and incorrectly filing the information regarding the results of the blood test of Mrs. Tame and the relationship that was present between the police and Mrs. Tame. The second reason, on the grounds of which, the Court of Appeal had given its decision against Mrs. Tame was related with reasonable foreseeability. Regarding the first reason, the court stated that it appears to be provided by the same principles due to which, the court had denied the presence of a duty of care in Sullivan v Moody (2001). By performing its duties, the police was completing an official report related with the circumstances under which the motor traffic accident has been caused. Generally, such report is used for making a decision as to the need for pressing charges against a person who is involved in the accident. In the present case, two persons were involved in the accident, Mr. Lavender and Mrs. Tame. The copies of this report will also be available to third parties, on request and after paying a fee. However, mainly this was an official police report related with the incident and the result of police observation, inquiries and tests. Under these circumstances, the court concluded that the Court of Appeal was right when it stated that the psychiatric injuries caused the Mrs. Tame in which a significant contribution has been made by the error of the police, cannot be described as reasonably foreseeable. This conclusion of the court is not dependent on the application, as inflexible test of liability, of the standard of normal fortitude but an important factor that needs to be considered is the particular susceptibility of Mrs. Tame regarding such psychiatric illness. Therefore as discussed above, the court was not only concerned with scientific predictability. In the present case, the question was related with the reasonableness of requiring the police to have this possibility in content deletion when they completed the report. Therefore the police could not be reasonably expected to foresee that their mistake may result in a risk of harm to Mrs. Tame of the kind that was caused. Therefore, it was not reasonable to require the police to have in their content deletion, the mental health of Mrs. Tame when they were recording the results of the blood tests of Mrs. Tame. As a result, the court dismissed the appeal with costs. References Annetts v Australian Stations Pty Ltd (2000) 23 WAR 35 Law,Donoghue v Stevenson, [1932] AC 562 Frost v Chief Constable of South Yorkshire Police [1999] 2 AC 455 Greenland v Chaplin (1850) 5 Ex 243 Perre v Apand Pty Ltd. (1999) 198 CLR 180 Sullivan v Moody [2001] HCA 59 Wyong Shire Council v Shirt [1980] HCA 12

Macbeth Act 1, Scene 5, Act 1, Scene 7 and Act 5, Scene 1 Essay Example

Macbeth Act 1, Scene 5, Act 1, Scene 7 and Act 5, Scene 1 Paper William Shakespeare was born in Stratford in 1564. He was one of eight children. The Shakespeares were well-respected prominent people. When William Shakespeare was about seven years old, he probably began attending the Stratford Grammar School with other boys of his social class. Students went to school year round attending school for nine hours a day. On November 27, 1582, Shakespeare married Ann Hathaway who was twenty-eight years old. On May 26, 1583, Ann bore their first daughter, Susanna. In 1585, a set of twins was born, Judith and Hamnet. Hamnet died at the age of eleven in 1596. No evidence was found of Shakespeare between the years of 1585-1592. These years of Shakespeares life were called The Hidden Years. Shakespeare left London in 1611 and retired. On March 25, 1616, Shakespeare made a will. He died April 23, 1616 at the age of fifty-two. The cause of his death was unknown. Many people believe that Shakespeare knew he was dying; however, he didnt want anyone to know that he was. During Shakespeares time, after the graveyard was full, they would dig ones corpse up and burn the persons bones in a huge fireplace. Some people would strip the corpse after the burial. Shakespeare hated this type of treatment after death, so he wrote his own epitaph. Ambitious, enthusiastic and assertive are only few of the words that describe Lady Macbeth, a woman so scheming she convince her husband to murder the king. She carefully plans it out, but her passion leads to nightmares, and further on a brutal suicide. We will write a custom essay sample on Macbeth Act 1, Scene 5, Act 1, Scene 7 and Act 5, Scene 1 specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Macbeth Act 1, Scene 5, Act 1, Scene 7 and Act 5, Scene 1 specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Macbeth Act 1, Scene 5, Act 1, Scene 7 and Act 5, Scene 1 specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Lady Macbeth is one of the most complex and interesting characters created by Shakespeare, and her part plays a vital role in one of his most popular plays; Macbeth. At the beginning of the play, she is a highly respected member of the Scottish nobility, has a loving and loyal relationship with her warrior husband, and a quick, reasonable mind. By the end, she is a reviled, mad, suicidal soul, tortured by guilt. In Act 1 Scene 5, Lady Macbeth reads a letter from her husband notifying her about the witches prediction that he will be king. In the letter to his wife, Macbeth calls her his dearest partner of greatness, a comment which shows us the close scenery of their marriage and how Macbeth considers his wife to be equal. Shakespeare clearly wants to show Lady Macbeth as a strong woman who has earned the respect of her husband. The keenness of Macbeth to share the witches astonishing news with Lady Macbeth so quickly and honestly also highlights the trust the pair must place in each other. Macbeth greets Lady Macbeth further on in the scene with my dearest love this shows us that they obviously care for each other very much. After reading Macbeths letter, Lady Macbeth immediately brings to a close end that the nearest way for her husband to become king (and for her to become queen), is to murder Duncan. Macbeth has also secretly thought of this, and that husband and wife should both immediately believe murdering Duncan in order to get the crown shows us that they think in very similar ways and are both cruelly ruthless. Lady Macbeth is very determined for her husband, and for herself, but she suspects Macbeth is too full o the milk of human kindness to carry out the killing. She knows he is not without ambition, but she also knows that without evil, they cannot get the throne. She not only doubts Macbeths abilities, but she also doubts her own ability to convince Macbeth to murder the king; Hie thee hither, that I may pour my spirits in thine ear. It is a misunderstood that Lady Macbeth is able to accept the idea of cold-blooded murder straight away; she cannot. In fact, she realises that her principles will not let her do this unless she has mystical help to Stop up the access and passage to remorse. She calls for spirits to aid her in realising her ambitions. From this, we can see that Lady Macbeth has reasonably thought through All that impedes them from the golden round, and found a solution by appealing to the mystics to strengthen her. She is not heartless, and so must lose her sense of guilt in order to carry out the evil plan. The spirits will mask her innocence and enable Lady Macbeth to take part in the regicide. In Shakespeares time, it would have been accepted that these evil spirits existed, and so to the audience watching, these paranormal forces could really change Lady Macbeths character. A modern audience may not appreciate this, and so may mistakenly think that Lady Macbeth has a completely dark and evil nature. Lady Macbeth asks the spirits to unsex me here, and fill me from the crown to the toe top-full of direst cruelty; make thick my blood. By unsexing her, the spirits are removing her innocence. This shows the connections that were made between femininity and weakness by Shakespearian society. Simply because she was a woman, Lady Macbeth would be viewed as weaker by the audience. A reference is also made to one of the main themes of the play blood. The image of thickening the blood implies that, once again, the spirits must strengthen Lady Macbeth. Blood is also inextricably linked with evil and death, an appropriate topic for this scene, and indeed, the whole play. Another subject that is mentioned in this scene by Lady Macbeth is milk, Come to my womans breasts and take my milk for gall. This is another reference to Lady Macbeth being a woman, and also says that she has produced milk and therefore, we presume, has given birth. The tender emotions linked with children are something that Lady Macbeth wishes the spirits to rid her of, as these emotions will delay her when she and Macbeth try to kill Duncan. So by taking her milk (a substance that is associated with innocence), the spirits would be removing her caring sympathy. This quote is similar to one made later on in the play by Lady Macbeth, where she is trying to persuade Macbeth to murder the king; I have given suck, and know how tender tis to love the babe that milks me: I would, while it was smiling in my face, Have pluckd my nipple from his boneless gums, And dashed the brains out, had I so sworn as you have done to this. (Act 1 Scene 7). It seems that the spirits have been successful in removing all Lady Macbeths empathy by this point, and hardening her against any loving emotions. Lady Macbeth asks; Come, thick night, And pall thee in the dunnest smoke of hell, that my keen knife see not the wound it makes, Nor heaven peep through the blanket of the dark, To cry Hold, hold! As her husband did earlier with the quote: Stars, hide your fires! Let not light see my black and deep desires. (Act 1 Scene 4), Lady Macbeth is asking for the ability to kill without seeing what she is doing, and without being seen. In an atmosphere of black on black, of dark night darkened with the smoke of hell, Lady Macbeths knife wont see what its doing, and neither will heaven. Of course, a real knife has no eyes and Gods eyes in heaven can see through night and smoke and all. The knife, then, is a symbol for something else, perhaps her toughness will, and heaven for her conscience. In short, she thinks she is a killer, but there is a part of her that wants to close its eyes to what she wants to do. At this point in the play, the other characters consider Lady Macbeth to be an affable woman, and Duncan calls her Fair and noble hostess (Act 1 Scene 6). Her actions in Scene 5 show us this is not the case, but that she is, in fact, cleverly deceptive and good at influencing others. She instructs Macbeth in this scene to look like the innocent flower, but be the serpent under t. These false appearances will be vital if Macbeth and Lady Macbeth want to win the throne without others suspecting them of foul play. Apparently, Lady Macbeth is the perfect gentlewoman, but inside she is a devious, cold woman. She grab hold of the first opportunity to get the throne by planning Duncans murder for that night, when he is coming to stay; O never shall sun that morrow see! Lady Macbeth obviously wants to be deeply involved with the murder, and tells Macbeth to put this nights great business into my dispatch and leave all the rest to me. She wants a sense of power and control over their destiny. For Lady Macbeths speeches in Act 1 Scene 5, Shakespeare uses verse form. This is done to show Lady Macbeths thoughts are prepared and reasonable. Shakespeare uses verse form for the main or important characters in his plays, and uses prose for lowly or insignificant parts. Lady Macbeths tone in Scene 5 is forthright and demanding, as she is either appealing to the spirits, or to her husband, depending on the point in the scene. Command words like come, stop and wait add to the sense of urgency and demand in the speeches. Act 1 scene 7 is very important in helping the reader follow the story line of the play. It shows us three main things; these are what is happening in the play, which knows about what in the play like Banquo who saw the witches with Macbeth and knew that he was to become king, and who the main characters are like Macbeth and Lady Macbeth. This scene helps the reader to understand the play a little bit more, and shows a more evil side to the story. This scene lets the reader piece together the story line so that he can understand it better. Although details of how the murder will take place arent very clear, by the end of the scene the reader knows what is going to happen next when we have marked with blood those sleepy two of his chamber, and used their very own daggers, that they have donet? By the end of the scene the reader knows that Lady Macbeth is the stronger, more powerful of the two was the hope drunk wherein yourself? hath it slept since? , and this is important because at the beginning of the play, Macbeth was the stronger one hail brave friend. Macbeth doesnt like the idea that he has to turn evil to become king because he realizes that there are serious downsides to the murder. Lady Macbeth uses her power over Macbeth to terrorize him into committing the murder and this once again makes Macbeth feel more and more weak. In Act 1 scene 7, there are two parts, the first one is Macbeths soliloquy, and the second is the conversation between Macbeth and Lady Macbeth. In the soliloquy, Macbeth is very negative and sees the act of becoming king in all its glory. He realises that there is a big disadvantage in following what the witches have told him but only vaulting ambition, which oer leaps itself and falls on th other. In the dialogue, Lady Macbeth is bullying him into committing the murder and because at this point Lady Macbeth is the more powerful of the two, she persuades him to kill the king. There is a change in Macbeths decision in both the soliloquy and the dialogue, the change in the soliloquy is when Macbeth says first as his kinsman and his subject, strong both against the deed; then as his host, who against his murderer shut the door not to bear the knife myself because he was going to commit the murder, and now he realizes that killing the king is not right. The change in the dialogue is when Macbeth says, bring forth men children only this is important because just before hand he had persuaded himself not to commit the murder and now he is going to go through with it. It is also important because Lady Macbeth wanted to have a part in the murder but Macbeth says that only men should do what he is about to do. Different people can understand the language in Macbeth in many different ways. Actors, who have to work out how they are going to play their part, need to know when to stress certain words and what they need to be doing. Shakespeare writes in old English and therefore actors in the present day, need to decide how they want their part to be understood by the audience. In the dialogue, Macbeth says to Lady Macbeth if we should fail? and then she says back to him we fail? because different copies of the story are rewritten by different people, the we fail? said by Lady Macbeth can be found written with an exclamation mark at the end of it. The whole of this scene is about regicide and that Macbeth has a lot of pride which means that, even if he knows athat it will be a failure in the future, he is powerless to do anything about it at present b ecause he wants the throne, as he has been told he will get the throne and cant wait for it to come to him. Macbeth knows that he wont be able to keep the fact that hes the murderer a secret for ever, and he tells us this in his soliloquy, but Lady Macbeth in her own wicked way bullies Macbeth into murdering the king. Macbeth is powerless against Lady Macbeth and she uses this to her advantage because anything she says, Macbeth will do. She tells Macbeth that he will come out of this successfully but screw your courage to the sticking-place and well not fail. In Act 5 Scene 1, Lady Macbeths character has transformed. She sleepwalks, and is haunted by the horror of what she and her husband have carried out. A doctor has been called because of her worrying behaviour. She repeatedly tries to clean her hands, as her gentlewoman tells us, and mumbles about the murders, which seem to torture her with guilt. She thinks her hands are still covered with the blood of Duncan, and yet all her attempts to clean them do not remove the blood; Out, damned spot! Out, I say! Yet who would have thought the old man to have had so much blood in him? All her pleas in Act 1 Scene 5 to the evil spirits havent prevented her from feeling remorse. Her doubts about herself seem to have been justified she has been driven mad by the subsequent events. Again, she makes comments similar to those of Macbeth about the blood on her hands, saying; Heres the smell of blood still: all the perfumes of Arabia will not sweeten this little hand, Macbeth says; Will all great Neptunes ocean wash this blood clean from my hand? No, this my hand will rather the multitudinous seas incarnadine, Making the green one red. Clearly, the guilt felt for Duncans murder, represented by his blood, stays with Lady Macbeth and her husband for the duration of the play, and hangs heavily on their minds. On three occasions during Act 5 Scene 1, Lady Macbeth mentions, in her agitated state, all the murders that Macbeth has carried out. I have already mentioned the comment about Duncans murder (the old man). When remembering the murder of Macduffs family, Lady Macbeth says; The Thane of Fife had a wife: where is she now? She also seems to be petrified that Banquo will rise from the dead to haunt her, and to comfort herself says; Banquos buried; he cannot come out on s grave. Lady Macbeth is evidently plagued by all the murders. When Macbeth says earlier in the play; Sleep no more! Macbeth does murder sleep the innocent sleep. (Act 2 Scene 2), he accurately describes the desperate state of Lady Macbeth in Act 5 Scene 1. Her sleep is not innocent, but simply a time for her brain to re-live the awful events which have passed. Her authentic fear in this scene is a contrast to the anticipation evident in Act 1 Scene 5, where she is willing herself on. Now, she honestly regrets the murders, but knows Whats done cannot be undone. Her true feelings about the murders are revealed and there is no longer a masking of her conscience, as she wanted before. She now has an understanding of the real meanings of good and evil, and feels much guilt. In Act 5 Scene 1, blood is referred to as an evil, horrid liquid, which clings as a constant reminder of murder and death; Heres the smell of blood still. This is unlike in Act 1 Scene 5, where blood is viewed by Lady Macbeth as a driving force behind her and her husbands success; make thick my blood. (Act 1 Scene 5). Perhaps this shift in Lady Macbeths opinion of blood shows how she now realises the true horror of murder, whereas before she had no first-hand experience of it, and therefore mistakenly judged the act lightly. She thought she could cope with the situation, but even with the aid of the supernatural, it is clear that she could not. Before, in Act 1 Scene 5, Lady Macbeth appealed to darkness to mask the murder from her conscience, like a comforter and protector. In Act 5 Scene 1, Lady Macbeth regards darkness as frightening, not as comforting; Hell is murky! This is yet another example of Lady Macbeth being hounded by her guilt; she realises that she is doomed to reside in hell after her death, and darkness is something that reminds her of this terrible fate. The tone of Lady Macbeths speech in Act 5 Scene 1 is completely different to that of Act 1 Scene 5. She mumbles, falling over her words, as if speaking before she has thought. She bears all, and does not worry, or even notice, that the doctor and gentlewoman are there. This is very different to Act 1 Scene 5, where her words are carefully structured and deliberate. The speech of Act 5 Scene 1 has no purpose, whereas in Act 1 Scene 5 it was demanding and insistent. Shakespeare cleverly changes his use of verse form into that of prose for Lady Macbeth, as if she was an inferior part in the play. This use of prose shows the audience she is rambling, illogical and mad now. Her words in Act 5 Scene 1 flow as in a train of thought, and phrases are repeated many times, to emphasise her madness; Come, come, come, come, give me your hand. Sentences are left unfinished and often make no sense; One; two: why, then tis time to do t. The doctor makes a very appropriate comment at the end of this scene; Unnatural deeds do breed unnatural troubles; infected minds to their deaf pillows will discharge their secrets. More needs she the divine than physician. In other words, Lady Macbeths invocation of the supernatural (unnatural) spirits, and her husbands evil actions, have caused her to go mad (infected minds). The doctor admits he cannot help. At the beginning, Lady Macbeth finds strength from the supernatural to entice Macbeth to murder Duncan and to go through with the murder herself. As time advances though, her pretended strength diminishes as she fights the torments of her conscience. Lady Macbeths attempts to suppress her conscience fail, and blame engulfs and destabilizes her. In the end, she chooses death because she can no longer bear the torments of her guilt. The dramatic transformation of such a pivotal character adds suspense to the play, and also delivers a moral message to the audience (which included King James I, who had a personal interest in witchcraft); that the pursuit of witchcraft, murder and evildoing can only lead to downfall. It also reveals a slightly different view of the fiend-like queen, showing us that she feels remorse, and is defenceless to it, like any other person. In the 16th century the audience was not like it is today. People in general believed in witches. It was thought that they were a real presence. Magic was a common subject and quite normal. However, witches were also thought to be evil and were therefore killed. An example of this was The Witch Trials where James I executed hundreds of young women because they were thought to be witches. However, in the 21st century, there is a completely different concept of witches. Magic is no longer believed in. therefore, witches are now an aspect of fiction. Any outside influence that cannot be explained is not said to be magic or luck, it is explained to us by psychiatrists to be some kind of phenomena of the human mind. This means basically that it is of our own imaginations. In conclusion, the ways that the scenes would be presented to an Elizabethan audience are very realistic and scary. By scary, I mean that as the Elizabethans believed in witches, they feared them. So, when I present the witches and their familiars, it would be scary to this audience. However, this varies greatly from the way in which I would present the scenes to a contemporary audience. This being that everything is presented on a sub-conscious level. This is more acceptable to the society of today. Anything that is not quickly explained away is a threat to the stability of our society. If a seemingly abnormal occurrence cannot be explained as some kind of experience, people begin to feel at risk and scared. This feeling of insecurity has always been covered up through the different eras by different beliefs and commonly accepted ideas. If there were not a solid belief, we would be thrown into chaos and confusion. Everyone would question everything and life would become very frantic. Just as it does in the final scenes of Macbeth-when he dies.

European History Essay

European History Essay European History Essay The Irish Unrest An Irish rebellion in 1798, led to Ireland becoming incorporated into the United Kingdom. This meant that Ireland was now dominated by English rule. The constituents of Ireland divided into two main groups; the nationalists, who supported an independent republic, and the conservatives, who favored the union. The Act of Union of 1801 sparked discrimination against religions, controversy over English influence, and rebellion from inhabitants that favored an independent republic. Religion was a main issue that came to a head when the Act of Union of 1801 was integrated. Protestants that originally settled in Ireland began to out lash at the government for not incorporating religion into the constitution. Document 2 references Protestants claiming inheritance of the constitution due to their ancestors fight for a Protestant government. Even though Protestants claimed a Protestant government, Document 9 references four provinces that are mostly dominated by Roman Catholics. Protestants did not only claim the constitution, but reflected hostility onto Catholicism. The Nationalist journalist, William Bulfin, in Document 10 believed that with a Protestant government, Catholicism would cease to exist in the country. Contrary to believers of Protestant rule, Document 11 references that others argued that since Protestants were not the majority they were not more influential than other minorities. Once the union formed, English influence and rule become a huge part of Ireland and how the country operated. The conservative party, although the minority, believed that home rule would ultimately lead to the destruction of the country and put the disloyal, dishonest, and thriftless people in charge. As Documents 7 and 12 reference the consequences of home rule, Document 1 plainly states that Ireland’s success rests in the hands of English rule. John Wilson Croker, in Document 5, believed that all civilized and successful aspects of Ireland were direct effects of English’s influence on Ireland.